which countries use the cyrillic alphabethow tall is ally love peloton
Yugoslavia used both Cyrillic and Latin script on its coins. Cyrillic and Glagolitic were used for the Church Slavonic language, especially the Old Church Slavonic variant. Of the quarter of a billion worldwide users of the general Cyrillic alphabet, nearly half of them live in Russia. is shown twice as it appears at two different locations in Buryat and Kalmyk. In addition, Bulgarian uses different lettering for similar sounds than Russian does; for example, Bulgarian uses and instead of , and like its neighbor country does. The most widely spoken languages that use the Cyrillic alphabet are Russian, Serbian, Ukrainian,. Under the provisions of that law, Latin would become an auxiliary script. For example: Other letters dont have a totally similar-looking Latin counterpart. Cyrillic is used co-officially alongside the, The Montenegrin language, the official language of Montenegro, is written in Latin and Cyrillic, North Macedonia has two official languages, Macedonian, which is written in Cyrillic, and Albanian, written in Latin. [citation needed], A number of languages written in a Cyrillic alphabet have also been written in a Latin alphabet, such as Azerbaijani, Uzbek, Serbian and Romanian (in the Republic of Moldova until 1989, in the Danubian Principalities throughout the 19th century). What countries use the Cyrillic alphabet? 2. Try using Cyrillic letters to write your name! The most widely spoken languages that use Cyrillic script are: Russian, Serbian, Ukrainian, Bulgarian, Belarusian, Czech, Kazakh, Kirghiz . No, not all Slavic countries use the Cyrillic alphabet. Variations of the Cyrillic alphabet are used for at least 50 languages, in countries including Turkmenistan, Russia, Ukraine, Khazakstan and Belarus. The Cyrillic script came to dominate Glagolitic in the 12th century. Many Greek-derived letters are false friends. What is more, this alphabet is the sole official script across the EU's eastern border, in Belarus, the Russian . The Abkhazian and Ossetian languages were switched to Georgian script, but after the death of Joseph Stalin, both also adopted Cyrillic. A great place to start learning is Duolingos own Ukrainian and Russian courses! The Cyrillic alphabet is based on the Greek alphabet, and about a dozen more letters were created to represent Slavic sounds that aren't found in Greek. In either of these courses, you can start off with our writing system learning tools that help you study familiar letters, false friends, and less familiar Greek- and Glagolitic-derived characters. As of 2019[update], around 250million people in Eurasia use Cyrillic as the official script for their national languages, with Russia accounting for about half of them. The Serbian alphabet shows the following features: The Macedonian alphabet differs from Serbian in the following ways: The Montenegrin alphabet differs from Serbian in the following ways: Uralic languages using the Cyrillic script (currently or in the past) include: The Karelian language was written in the Cyrillic script in various forms until 1940 when publication in Karelian ceased in favor of Finnish, except for Tver Karelian, written in a Latin alphabet. Further unnecessary letters were expunged in 1918, leaving the alphabet as it is todaystill in use in many Slavic Orthodox countries. The Cyrillic alphabet does of course cover a wide variety of languages and variants. Late Medieval Cyrillic letters (categorized as vyaz' and still found on many icon inscriptions today) show a marked tendency to be very tall and narrow, with strokes often shared between adjacent letters. El cirlico tiene un nmero finito de letras que puedes ir identificando con sonidos en pequeas cantidades. They developed out of the dialects of Proto-Slavic. Cyrillic is an official or co-official script in the post-Yugoslav of Bosnia-Herzegovina, Macedonia, Montenegro and Serbia, which may become members of the EU in the coming decade. Bulgarian and Bosnian Sephardim without Hebrew typefaces occasionally printed Judeo-Spanish in Cyrillic.[1]. The Russian government has mandated that Cyrillic must be used for all public communications in all federal subjects of Russia, to promote closer ties across the federation. All these alphabets, and other ones (Abaza, Adyghe, Chechen, Ingush, Kabardian) have an extra sign: palochka (), which gives voiceless occlusive consonants its particular ejective sound. Why is it that the Cyrillic alphabet is used in Russia?1. and long, = palatalization of the preceding consonant, = the second element of closing diphthongs (, , etc. 24/05/2021. Some of the most major ones were the changes made by the famous printer and publisher Ivan Fyodorov. The regular (upright) shapes are generally standardized in small caps form.[36]. The Cyrillic It is currently used exclusively or as one of several alphabets for more than 50 languages, notably Belarusian, Bulgarian, Kazakh, Kyrgyz, Macedonian, Montenegrin (spoken in Montenegro; also called Serbian), Russian, Serbian, Tajik (a dialect of Persian), Turkmen, Ukrainian, and Uzbek. More than 300 million people today use Cyrillic alphabet: Russian and nother 11 countries. Just like how in Spanish, you'll see , and in French, you'll see , you'll find some symbols in the Cyrillic script that show up in some languages' alphabets and not others! and are used in loanwords only (Russian, Tibetan, etc. Not all writing systems represent language in this way; in a syllabary, each character represents a syllable, and logographic systems use characters to represent words, morphemes, or other semantic units. 7 Who was the person who created the Cyrillic alphabet? Cyrillic was created to bring the lands of Rus under the Orthodox umbrella. Parker Henry is a former K12 ESL teacher, a proud Hoosier, and a lifelong learner. Si quieres dar un paso ms, puedes aadir calcomanas de letras cirlicas a tu teclado para practicar mientras escribes. The Thai writing system was first created in the 1200s (the . Your email address will not be published. From 1941 the Cyrillic script was used exclusively. However, a closer look reveals that it is a mishmash of several popular words and sounds derived from Greek, Hebrew, and the old Latin. Soon, other new letters, such as and , were also introduced into the alphabet. It is the designated national script in various Slavic, Turkic, Mongolic, Uralic, Caucasian and Iranic-speaking countries in Southeastern Europe, Eastern Europe, the Caucasus, Central Asia, North Asia, and East Asia. Slavic languages, also called Slavonic languages, group of Indo-European languages spoken in most of eastern Europe, much of the Balkans, parts of central Europe, and the northern part of Asia. Unicode as a general rule does not include accented Cyrillic letters. The Cyrillic alphabet is used in both Slavic and non-Slavic countries, including in Turkic and Persian nations from Central Asia to Eastern Europe. Bosnia was biscriptal. Click Here to see full-size tableAs the Slavic languages were richer in sounds than Greek, 43 letters were originally provided to represent them; the added letters were modifications or combinations of Greek letters or (in the case of the Cyrillic letters for ts, sh, and ch) were based on Hebrew. While these languages largely have phonemic orthographies, there are occasional exceptionsfor example, Russian is pronounced /v/ in a number of words, an orthographic relic from when they were pronounced // (e.g. The widely accepted division of the Slavic languages into three groupsEast, West, and South. Male version is "" (looked it up in Wikipedia). Also, what countries use the Cyrillic alphabet today? Contribute to chinapedia/wikipedia.en development by creating an account on GitHub. In 1998 the government has adopted a Latin alphabet to replace it. These solutions only enjoy partial support and may render with default glyphs in certain software configurations.[38]. The Kalmyk () Cyrillic script differs from Khalkha in some respects: there are additional letters (, , ), letters , and appear only word-initially, long vowels are written double in the first syllable (), but single in syllables after the first. You might notice that several Cyrillic letters look and sound extremely similar to letters in the Latin alphabet. For centuries, Cyrillic was also used by Catholic and Muslim Slavs (see Bosnian Cyrillic). The early Cyrillic alphabet was developed in the 9th century AD and replaced the earlier Glagolitic script developed by the Byzantine theologians Cyril and Methodius. Long vowels are indicated with double letters. The letters stand for sounds similar to the English [d] and [t] - the latter sounding really Chinese. Uzbekistan still uses both systems, and Kazakhstan has officially begun a transition from Cyrillic to Latin (scheduled to be complete by 2025). It is currently used exclusively or as one of several alphabets for more than 50 languages, notably Belarusian , Bulgarian, Kazakh, Kyrgyz, Macedonian, Montenegrin (spoken in Montenegro; also called Serbian), Russian . It was created by Christian preachers Cyril and Methodius Footnote 1 and spread in the subsequent period not only over the territory of Russia and Eastern Europe but also in some states of Asia.. These, The Bulgarian names for the consonants are. (Psst: if you want a quick refresher on the International Phonetic Alphabet, or IPA, check this out.). Many of the letters look very similar to those of Latin alphabets, like A, E, K, M, O, and T. However, some may have a different sound. Otra buena forma de practicar es escribir palabras en tu primer idioma con letras del alfabeto cirlico. The following table shows the three main variations of the Cyrillic alphabet used in the Balkans: Bulgarian, Macedonian, and Serbian. Cyrillic alphabets used by Slavic languages can be divided into two categories: Before 1918, there were four extra letters in use: (replaced by ), ( "Fita", replaced by ), ( "Yat", replaced by ), and ( "Izhitsa", replaced by ); these were eliminated by reforms of Russian orthography. South Slavic Cyrillic alphabets (with the exception of Bulgarian) are generally derived from Serbian Cyrillic. People still know and use Cyrillic. Some currency signs have derived from Cyrillic letters: The development of Cyrillic typography passed directly from the medieval stage to the late Baroque, without a Renaissance phase as in Western Europe. Cyrillic alphabet, writing system developed in the 9th-10th century ce for Slavic-speaking peoples of the Eastern Orthodox faith. Conventionally, Slavic language is divided into three branches, based on geographical and genealogical principles and extralinguistic features. Saints Cyril and Methodius "Cyril and Methodius, Saints) 869 and 884, respectively, "Greek missionaries, brothers, called Apostles to the Slavs and fathers of Slavonic literature. Certain letters are handwritten differently, as seen in the adjacent image. This system of letters is also used in countries of Central Asia. The Cyrillic letters , , are not used in native Tatar words, but only for Russian loans. In the 1930s, some of those languages were switched to the Uniform Turkic Alphabet. The Cyrillic alphabet is used for the Chuvash language since the late 19th century, with some changes in 1938. Russian (Russian alphabet), Ukrainian (Ukrainian alphabet), Belarusian (Belarusian alphabet), Bulgarian (Bulgarian alphabet), Serbian (Serbian alphabet), Macedonian (Macedonian alphabet). What is more, this alphabet is the sole official script across the EU's eastern border, in Belarus, the Russian . The first alphabet derived from Cyrillic was Abur, used for the Komi language. Today, many languages in the Balkans, Eastern Europe, and northern Eurasia are written in Cyrillic alphabets. [42] Other Cyrillic alphabets include the Molodtsov alphabet for the Komi language and various alphabets for Caucasian languages. Cyrillic is an official or co-official script in the post-Yugoslav of Bosnia-Herzegovina, Macedonia, Montenegro and Serbia, which may become members of the EU in the coming decade. There were also commonly used ligatures like = . Iotation was indicated by ligatures formed with the letter : (not an ancestor of modern Ya, , which is derived from ), , (ligature of and ), , . The Cyrillic alphabet is closely based on the Greek alphabet, with about a dozen additional letters invented to represent Slavic sounds not found in Greek. Note: in some fonts or styles, , i.e. The modern Cyrillic alphabet is used primarily in Russia, Ukraine, Belarus, Serbia, Montenegro, Macedonia, and Bulgaria. The current form of the Cyrillic Alphabet saw first use in 1708 during Peter the Great of Russia's reign. [24] Bosnian Cyrillic was used continuously until the 18th century, with sporadic usage even taking place in the 20th century.[25]. "@Dokule @PopulismUpdates It is an artifact that a considerable amount of Slavic people have no relationship with so using the term disregards their situation completely as it disregards the situation of counties using the Cyrillic alphabet that aren't Slavic" It is the basis of alphabets used in various languages, past and present, Slavic origin, and non-Slavic languages influenced by Russian. Turkmen, written 19401994 exclusively in Cyrillic, since 1994 officially in Roman, but in everyday communication Cyrillic is still used along with Roman script. The Slavic alphabet, also called the Cyrillic alphabet or Cyrillic script, is a writing system used in many languages of Eurasia (Europe and Asia). Mongolia and Russia, based on the use of Cyrillic alphabet text. In 1900, Cyrillic was used by 111.2 million people (105 million in the Russian . How is the Cyrillic alphabet different from the East Slavic alphabet? In addition, it serves as the official script for over 50 different languages, including Russian, Uzbek . While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. Some experts think this decision highlights the cooling in relations between Kazakhstan and Russia, a desire to distance away . The Turkish alphabet (Turkish: Trk alfabesi) is a Latin-script alphabet used for writing the Turkish language, consisting of 29 letters, seven of which (, , I, , , and ) have been modified from their Latin originals for the phonetic requirements of the language. However, putting politics aside, the Cyrillic script is far from new. With the orthographic reform of Saint Evtimiy of Tarnovo and other prominent representatives of the Tarnovo Literary School of the 14th and 15th centuries, such as Gregory Tsamblak and Constantine of Kostenets, the school influenced Russian, Serbian, Wallachian and Moldavian medieval culture. Depending on the choices of the font manufacturer, they may either be automatically activated by the local variant locl feature for text tagged with an appropriate language code, or the author needs to opt-in by activating a stylistic set ss## or character variant cv## feature. 1. This act was controversial for speakers of many Slavic languages; for others, such as Chechen and Ingush speakers, the law had political ramifications. Letters became distinguished between upper and lower case. In Daniels and Bright, eds. This script is called Cyrillic, and is used in many Slavic and Turkic languages. Here is the information about the Cyrillic alphabet with all the details What is the Cyrillic Alphabet? What is more, this alphabet is the sole official script across the EUs eastern border, in Belarus, the Russian Federation and Ukraine. The Slavic languages are a group of closely related languages spoken by over 300 million people in Europe, Asia, and the Americas. Numerous Cyrillic alphabets are based on the Cyrillic script. Historically, the Croatian language briefly used the Cyrillic script in areas with large Croatian language or Bosnian language populations.[4]. (Russia, Ukraine, Belarus, Bulgaria, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Abkhazia, South Ossetia) In accordance with Unicode policy, the standard does not include letterform variations or ligatures found in manuscript sources unless they can be shown to conform to the Unicode definition of a character. Used by more than 250 . [44], The Zhuang alphabet, used between the 1950s and 1980s in portions of the People's Republic of China, used a mixture of Latin, phonetic, numeral-based, and Cyrillic letters. A Bulgarian Treasure. The modern Russian alphabet is a variant of the cyrillic alphabet and contains 33 letters. The Cyrillic alphabet is used in both Slavic and non-Slavic countries, including in Turkic and Persian nations from Central Asia to Eastern Europe. The Cyrillic script is used by many languages in Eastern Europe and Asia, but not all Slavic languages and countries use it. The Slavic Alphabet. The Belarusian alphabet displays the following features: The Ukrainian alphabet displays the following features: The Rusyn language is spoken by the Carpatho-Rusyns in Carpathian Ruthenia, Slovakia, and Poland, and the Pannonian Rusyns in Croatia and Serbia. The Cyrillic alphabet is used in about 50 countries. One of the reasons behind the same is the weird look of some of the alphabetic characters. . About half of them are in Russia. The following table lists the Cyrillic letters which are used in the alphabets of most of the national languages which use a Cyrillic alphabet. Short History of the Cyrillic Alphabet. Notes: Depending on fonts available, the Bulgarian row may appear identical to the Russian row. May 24th marks Cyrillic Alphabet Day which is a special day for all the language lovers at Duolingo and for the nearly 250 million speakers of languages that use the Cyrillic script. . Cyrillic is an official or co-official script in the post-Yugoslav of Bosnia-Herzegovina, Macedonia, Montenegro and Serbia, which may become members of the EU in the coming decade. The deadline for making this transition has however been repeatedly changed, and Cyrillic is still more common. The first few of these alphabets were developed by Orthodox missionaries for the Finnic and Turkic peoples of Idel-Ural (Mari, Udmurt, Mordva, Chuvash, and Kerashen Tatars) in the 1870s. Which country invented the Cyrillic alphabet? It is currently used exclusively or as one of several alphabets for more than 50 languages, notably Belarusian , Bulgarian, Kazakh, Kyrgyz, Macedonian, Montenegrin (spoken in Montenegro; also called Serbian), Russian . What is the Cyrillic alphabet? This page was last edited on 1 March 2023, at 01:54. Other character encoding systems for Cyrillic: Each language has its own standard keyboard layout, adopted from typewriters. Today, nearly 50 languages throughout parts of Eastern Europe, Central Asia, and Siberia use Cyrillic as their official script. East South Slavic languages and East Slavic languages, such as Bulgarian and Russian, share common features such as , , and . . Cyrillic is one of the most-used writing systems in the world. It was officially approved in 1982 and started to be widely used by 1987.[7]. The new letterforms, called the Civil script, became closer to those of the Latin alphabet; several archaic letters were abolished and several new letters were introduced designed by Peter himself. Thank you for your time and consideration. Cyrillic fonts, as well as Latin ones, have roman and italic types (practically all popular modern fonts include parallel sets of Latin and Cyrillic letters, where many glyphs, uppercase as well as lowercase, are shared by both). It is called " " ('small er'). The little accents over these Cyrillic letters are a surefire way to tell Macedonian apart from Serbian. Corrections? Which countries speak and understand Russian. The Cyrillic alphabet is, like the Roman alphabet (that you are reading . Tatar has used Cyrillic since 1939, but the Russian Orthodox Tatar community has used Cyrillic since the 19th century. The earliest literature written in Cyrillic was translations of parts of the Bible and various church texts. In practice the scripts are equal, with Latin being used more often in a less official capacity. Bringhurst (2002) writes "in Cyrillic, the difference between normal lower case and small caps is more subtle than it is in the Latin or Greek alphabets, Learn how and when to remove this template message, IPA Brackets and transcription delimiters, accession of Bulgaria to the European Union, International Organization for Standardization, Keyboard layouts for non-Latin alphabetic scripts, "Cyrillic, the third official alphabet of the EU, was created by a truly multilingual European", "The Orthodox Church in the Byzantine Empire". If youre interested in learning any of these languages or if youre just generally curious about the Cyrillic script and its rich history, weve got you covered! The Cyrillic script (Old Slavonic alphabet) appeared as late as the 9th century, much later than many other alphabets. In Czech and Slovak, which have never used Cyrillic, "azbuka" refers to Cyrillic and contrasts with "abeceda", which refers to the local Latin script and is composed of the names of the first letters (A, B, C, and D). Latin is much more prevalent. We have just sent you an email at .Please check your inbox for instructions about how to activate your account. 1. Computer fonts typically default to the Central/Eastern, Russian letterforms, and require the use of OpenType Layout (OTL) features to display the Western, Bulgarian or Southern, Serbian/Macedonian forms. 24 May is an important holiday in many Eastern European countries as it is the day of the Cyrillic Alphabet. A combination of Sh and Ch () is used where those familiar only with Russian and or Ukrainian would expect Shcha(). It is now possible to learn the Cyrillic alphabets via online tutorials available over the web as well. We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. Punctuation for Cyrillic text is similar to that used in European Latin-alphabet languages. He removed some of the letters, like and , along with several forms of the letter . It is not clear that the transition will be made at all. En ese entonces, los textos religiosos solo estaban disponibles en griego, el idioma de los vecinos de Boris en el Imperio bizantino. The Cyrillic alphabet is used in both Slavic and non-Slavic countries, including in Turkic and Persian nations from Central Asia to Eastern Europe. Many of the letterforms differed from those of modern Cyrillic, varied a great deal in manuscripts, and changed over time. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). Unlike the Latin script, which is usually adapted to different languages by adding diacritical marks/supplementary glyphs (such as accents, umlauts, fadas, tildes and cedillas) to standard Roman letters, by assigning new phonetic values to existing letters (e.g. A number of languages have switched from Cyrillic to either a Roman-based orthography or a return to a former script. In Russian, syllabaries, especially the Japanese kana, are commonly referred to as 'syllabic azbukas' rather than 'syllabic scripts'. Which EU countries use Cyrillic alphabet? The Slavic languages, spoken by some 315 million people. The Cyrillic script currently used for Kazakh has 42 symbols (33 derived from the Russian alphabet plus nine for additional Kazakh sounds). The Cyrillic letters , , , , , , and are not used in native Kazakh words, but only for Russian loans. It shaped the identity of the borders between Europe and Asia. Translation: "It is an interesting fact that in Bulgaria a few [Sephardic] publications are printed in the Bulgarian Cyrillic alphabet and in Greece in the Greek alphabet Nezirovi (1992:128) writes that in Bosnia a document has also been found in which the Sephardic language is written in the Cyrillic alphabet. Which EU countries use Cyrillic alphabet? The name of this alphabet is derived from St.Cyril, who with his brother St.Methodius lead the conversion of the Slavic peoples in the 9th century. In 1918, more unnecessary letters were removed, leaving the alphabet in its current state in many Slavic Orthodox countries. How to Market Your Business with Webinars? 300 million people How many countries use the Cyrillic alphabet? Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. Cyrillic alphabets continue to be used in several Slavic (Russian, Ukrainian, Serbian, Bulgarian, Macedonian, Belarusian) and non-Slavic (Kazakh, Uzbek, Kyrgyz, Tajik, Azeri, Gagauz, Turkmen, Mongolian) languages. It's the year when Kazakhstan will switch from Cyrillic to Latin alphabet. Required fields are marked *, Copyright 2021 Russian Teacher by Alex Go. Cyrillic spread among other Slavic peoples, as well as among non-Slavic Vlachs. Now Cyrillic is the third alphabet in the European Union after Latin and Greek. Within the framework of the Bulgarian Presidency of the Council of the EU, the European Economic and Social Committee is hosting the exhibition "The Cyrillic Alphabet - The New Alphabet in the European Union". Peoples of some Slavic countries and of the former Soviet Union and Mongolia. They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors. Who was the person who created the Cyrillic alphabet? Here's why it holds court in Russia as opposed to a Latin-based alphabet. 1931. Este no era el alfabeto cirlico que conocemos hoy en da: se llama alfabeto glagoltico y se ve muy diferente del cirlico moderno. The characters in the range U+0460 to U+0489 are historic letters, not used now. lowercase italic Cyrillic , may look like small-capital italic T. However, the native font terminology in most Slavic languages (for example, in Russian) does not use the words "roman" and "italic" in this sense. In the early eighteenth century, under Peter the Great, the forms of letters were simplified and regularized, with some appropriate only to Greek . For the writing system as a whole, see, See the notes for each language for details, mid (2002), pp. Meaning: n. an alphabet derived from the Greek alphabet and used for writing Slavic languages. Cyrillic is derived from the Greek uncial script, augmented by letters from the older Glagolitic alphabet, including some ligatures. Slavic languages, also called Slavonic languages, group of Indo-European languages spoken in most of eastern Europe, much of the Balkans, parts of central Europe, and the northern part of Asia. If this seems too tricky, many computers have a phonetic keyboard option, so you dont have to remember where new sounds fit on your Latin-alphabet keyboard. This varied history begins in ninth century Bulgaria with Saint-Czar Boris I, who wanted Bulgarians to adopt Christianity without sacrificing their language and culture. The Slavic languages, spoken by some 315 million people. Sabemos que Boris recibi a los discpulos de Cirilo y Metodio en el Imperio blgaro para abrir escuelas literarias donde se usara el alfabeto glagoltico pero los registros son un poco borrosos. Alphabets based on the Serbian that add new letters often do so by adding an acute accent over an existing letter. In 2017, Kazakhstan announced the transition to Latin. Bulgaria is the birthplace of the Cyrillic alphabet, which was developed in Preslav and Ohrid Literary Schools during the tenth century. In Standard Serbian, as well as in Macedonian,[35] some italic and cursive letters are allowed to be different to more closely resemble the handwritten letters. En definitiva, como sucede con la mayora de las cosas, el progreso viene de la exposicin y la prctica extendida. In Bulgarian typography, many lowercase letterforms may more closely resemble the cursive forms on the one hand and Latin glyphs on the other hand, e.g. Therefore, Cyril found a unique way to solve this problem. Followers of Cyril play a major role in popularizing the alphabet. It was developed in . Cyrillic handwriting, 17th century . Cyrillic is usually associated with Slavic languages like Russian and Bulgarian, and though the . Modern Russian has 32 letters (33, with inclusion of the soft signwhich is not, strictly speaking, a letter), Bulgarian 30, Serbian 30, and Ukrainian 32 (33). Which countries use Cyrillic alphabet? Cyrillic has a finite number of letters that you can match to their corresponding sounds in small batches. English: This map shows the countries in the world that use the Cyrillic alphabet Cyrillic is the sole official script. Glen Rogers Documentary,
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